--- title: "Noncitizen population by county: Census data and API" url: https://probativegrowth.com/data/noncitizen-population/ lang: en-US alternate: https://probativegrowth.com/es/datos/poblacion-no-ciudadana/ source: the same page, converted from its HTML at build time --- 1. [Home](https://probativegrowth.com/) 2. [Data](https://probativegrowth.com/data/) 3. Noncitizen population Data · Noncitizen population # Noncitizen population by state and county How many residents of each state and county are not U.S. citizens, how many are naturalized citizens, and how precise each estimate is. Read row for row from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey nativity and citizenship table, with the margin of error kept beside every estimate. Checked October 31, 2026 · CC BY 4.0 · Not legal advice ## What is in this dataset? {#what-h} How many residents of each state, DC and county are not U.S. citizens, with the margin of error and the share of the population, from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2020-2024), table B05001 (nativity and citizenship status). Each record also splits the citizens into born in the US, born in a U.S. territory, born abroad of American parents and naturalized. These are survey estimates of residents, not of legal status: the table does not separate lawful permanent residents, visa holders or anyone else. Use it to size the noncitizen resident population of a market, for example to plan immigration-law or consumer-protection outreach in a county or to compare states. Look up a state: you get the state row and every county in it, each with the estimate, its margin of error and the share of residents. Small counties carry wide margins of error, so compare ranges, not single figures. **Records** 3,196 **Look up by** 52 state **Primary-source records** 3,196 The letters are explained in [what P, S, D and U mean](https://probativegrowth.com/data/#status-codes). ## Where does the data come from? {#from-h} Every figure is read from the Census Bureau's Data API for the ACS 5-year estimates (table B05001, variables 001 to 006 and the margins of error of 005 and 006) for the US, every state and DC, and every county. Nothing is modelled. It covers the United States, the 50 states, DC and 3,144 counties, and the total's margin of error is not published because the Census controls the total to its population estimate. The share is the noncitizen count divided by the total, rounded to one decimal. **Period covered** January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2024 **Places** The whole US, all 50 states and DC and counties **How often we refresh it** Once a year **Records read** October 31, 2026 ### Official sources - [U.S. Census Bureau](https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5), by official API. Public domain (17 U.S.C. 105); cite the Census Bureau as the source. ### The sources the records cite most - [U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates, table B05001 (Census Data API)](https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5): 3,196 records ## What does a record look like? {#sample-h} the United States: an estimated 22,674,672 residents were not U.S. citizens in 2020-2024 (margin of error ±144,855), 6.8% of 334,922,499 residents; 24,674,406 were U.S. citizens by naturalization. Status P · checked October 31, 2026 · source: [U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates, table B05001 (Census Data API)](https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5) California: an estimated 4,841,377 residents were not U.S. citizens in 2020-2024 (margin of error ±32,045), 12.3% of 39,287,377 residents; 5,756,924 were U.S. citizens by naturalization. Status P · checked October 31, 2026 · source: [U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates, table B05001 (Census Data API)](https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5) Texas: an estimated 3,080,983 residents were not U.S. citizens in 2020-2024 (margin of error ±26,946), 10.2% of 30,188,424 residents; 2,221,483 were U.S. citizens by naturalization. Status P · checked October 31, 2026 · source: [U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates, table B05001 (Census Data API)](https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5) Florida: an estimated 2,088,458 residents were not U.S. citizens in 2020-2024 (margin of error ±22,309), 9.3% of 22,416,077 residents; 2,817,269 were U.S. citizens by naturalization. Status P · checked October 31, 2026 · source: [U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates, table B05001 (Census Data API)](https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5) The full records add the dates, the quoted source text and every field in the CSV and JSON files below. **What each of the 15 main columns means** **`jurisdiction`** US or the two-letter state code (DC included); a county's state **`level`** us, state or county **`area`** US, the state code or the 5-digit county FIPS code **`county`** 5-digit county FIPS code (county rows) **`year`** The last year of the ACS 5-year period (2024 = 2020-2024) **`status`** P published by the Census Bureau **`total`** Total residents (B05001_001) **`citizenBornUS`** U.S. citizens born in the United States (B05001_002) **`citizenBornTerritory`** U.S. citizens born in Puerto Rico or U.S. Island Areas (B05001_003) **`citizenBornAbroad`** U.S. citizens born abroad of American parent(s) (B05001_004) **`naturalized`** U.S. citizens by naturalization (B05001_005) **`naturalizedMoe`** Margin of error of the naturalized count, 90% confidence **`noncitizen`** Residents who are not U.S. citizens (B05001_006) **`noncitizenMoe`** Margin of error of the noncitizen count, 90% confidence **`noncitizenPct`** Noncitizens as a percent of total residents, one decimal ## How do I use it in my own tools? {#api-h} Ask an AI assistant: add `https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/noncitizen-population` as an MCP connector (no sign-in), or the main server `https://probativegrowth.com/mcp` for every dataset. Setup for each app is on [the API and MCP page](https://probativegrowth.com/resources/rules-api/). **`noncitizen_lookup`** For one two-letter state code (or US): the state and every county in it, each with total residents, residents who are not U.S. citizens, naturalized citizens, margins of error and the noncitizen share. **`noncitizen_compare`** The noncitizen counts, margins of error and shares of up to 10 states (two-letter codes) or US side by side. **`noncitizen_search`** Records whose text matches the words given, such as a county name ("Harris County"), a state name or a 5-digit county FIPS code. Or read the static files, with no key and no usage cap: - [Index and endpoints](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/index.json) `/data/v1/noncitizen-population/index.json` - [One state (AK shown)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/jurisdictions/AK.json) `/data/v1/noncitizen-population/jurisdictions/{jurisdiction}.json` - [Confirmed changes](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/changes.json) `/data/v1/noncitizen-population/changes.json` - [OpenAPI description](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/openapi.json) `/data/v1/noncitizen-population/openapi.json` - [API reference, every file](https://probativegrowth.com/resources/rules-api/reference/) `/resources/rules-api/reference/` ## How to cite this dataset {#cite-h} You can reuse, adapt and republish this data, including commercially, under the [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (CC BY 4.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The only condition is that you credit Probative and link to the source. **Version** 1.0.0, released November 1, 2026 **DOI** [10.5281/zenodo.23850653](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23850653) **Every version** [10.5281/zenodo.23850652](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23850652) (always points to the newest) **License** [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Download the data - [CSV: noncitizen-population.csv](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/noncitizen-population.csv) 1843 KB · one row per record (columns in README.txt) - [JSON: noncitizen-population.json](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/noncitizen-population.json) 4682 KB · every record with its sources Free, no email or login. The files are hosted on this site and [Zenodo](https://zenodo.org/records/23850653), a public research archive. Suggested citation Probative. (2026). Noncitizen population by state and county (Census ACS, table B05001) (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23850653 Credit line for a chart, table or article Source: Probative, Noncitizen population by state and county (Census ACS, table B05001), version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23850653, licensed CC BY 4.0. Add to a reference manager (Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote) - [RIS (EndNote, Zotero, Mendeley)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/cite.ris) - [BibTeX (LaTeX)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/cite.bib) - [CITATION.cff (GitHub, Zenodo)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/CITATION.cff) - [codemeta.json](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/codemeta.json) - [SVG badge with the DOI](https://probativegrowth.com/data/badge/noncitizen-population.svg) Not legal advice. These are Census Bureau survey estimates for planning. The table counts residents who are not U.S. citizens; it does not measure immigration or legal status. ## What changed recently? {#chg-h} - **2026-10-31** · Census ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates (table B05001): residents who are not U.S. citizens in the United States, 50 states, DC and 3,144 counties, with margins of error: 22,674,672 nationally. ([source](https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5)) The full log is in [changes.json](https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/noncitizen-population/changes.json). ## What are the limits? {#limits-h} - These are survey estimates of residents, not a count of people, and each carries a margin of error at 90% confidence. Small counties have wide margins, so a difference between two small counties is often not real. - The table separates citizens from noncitizens only. It does not say whether a noncitizen is a lawful permanent resident, a visa holder or in another status, and it is not a measure of unauthorized immigration. - The 5-year estimate pools five years of survey responses, so it describes the period as a whole and lags recent change. - The table covers the United States, every state, DC and every county, each with its own margin of error. - Residence is where a person lives at the time of the survey, which is not where they work or where a legal matter would be filed. - Records older than 550 days since their last check are marked `stale` in the files until we re-check them. Every confirmed error we fix is listed in the [data corrections log](https://probativegrowth.com/data/corrections/). **Not legal advice.** These are Census Bureau survey estimates for planning. The table counts residents who are not U.S. citizens; it does not measure immigration or legal status. Probative is a marketing firm, not a law firm. Found a wrong value? [Report an error](https://probativegrowth.com/data/corrections/#report) with the record id and the source that shows the right value. Other open datasets: [Legal-marketing ethics opinions, 2004 to 2026 (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/opinions/), [Ad-platform policies for law firms: tracker data](https://probativegrowth.com/data/platforms/), [Spanish-speaking clients per Spanish-speaking lawyer (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/language/), [California court filing data by county: dataset and API](https://probativegrowth.com/data/ca-courts/), [Lawyer search-ad costs by practice and state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/ad-costs/), [Lawyers by county in seven states (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/attorneys/), [Aviation accidents by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/aviation-accidents/), [New lawyers admitted and bar pass rates, by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/bar-pipeline/), [Boating accidents by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/boating-accidents/), [New business applications by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/business-applications/), [Board-certified lawyers by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/certified-specialists/), [Employment-discrimination charge deadlines (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/charge-deadlines/), [FTC fraud report data by state: dataset, CSV and API](https://probativegrowth.com/data/consumer-sentinel/), [County income and migration from IRS returns (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/county-income/), [Small-claims dollar limits by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/court-fees/), [Crime and DUI arrests by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/crime-data/), [Federal criminal cases by offense and district (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/criminal-filings/), [Practice areas, federal court districts and counties (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/crosswalks/), [Demand per law office, by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/demand-per-law-office/), [Medical device adverse event reports by product code (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/device-events/), [Social Security disability hearing waits by office (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/disability-hearings/), [Drug adverse event reports by ingredient (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/drug-events/), [EEOC charge data by state: dataset, CSV and API](https://probativegrowth.com/data/eeoc-charges/), [Eviction laws by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/eviction-laws/), [Eviction filings by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/evictions/), [Fair housing complaints by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/fair-housing/), [Federal civil cases filed, county by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/federal-filings-county/), [US law firm websites by county and practice (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/firm-web-census/), [Flood insurance claims by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/flood-claims/), [New green cards by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/green-cards/), [Hospital patient safety by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/hospital-safety/), [Immigration court data: EOIR dataset, CSV and API](https://probativegrowth.com/data/immigration-courts/), [IRS Data Book by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/irs-databook/), [US law-firm website census (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/law-firm-websites/), [Lawyer and paralegal pay data: BLS dataset, CSV and API](https://probativegrowth.com/data/lawyer-wages/), [Legal-aid nonprofits by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/legal-aid-orgs/), [Legal marketing hiring demand and pay (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/legal-hiring-demand/), [Who may need a lawyer, county by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/legal-need/), [Legal prices and jobs data: BLS dataset, CSV and API](https://probativegrowth.com/data/legal-prices/), [Legal profession figures (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/legal-profession-figures/), [Divorce and marriage rates by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/marriage-divorce/), [Mine accidents by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/mine-accidents/), [Mortgage delinquency by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/mortgage-delinquency/), [Mortgage applications and denials by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/mortgage-lending/), [Nursing home fines and harm citations by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/nursing-homes/), [New York lawyers by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/ny-attorneys/), [New York workers' compensation claims by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/ny-workers-comp/), [OSHA penalties by state and industry: DOL data](https://probativegrowth.com/data/osha-enforcement/), [Deaths and migration by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/population-change/), [Official practice statistics by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/practice-official/), [Product recalls by year and hazard (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/product-recalls/), [Railroad casualties by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/rail-casualties/), [Robocall and text complaint data: FCC dataset and API](https://probativegrowth.com/data/robocall-complaints/), [Lawyer search volume by practice and state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/search-demand/), [Google search landscape for legal searches (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/serp-landscape/), [State civil-rights complaints (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/state-civil-rights/), [State court case filings by county and case type (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/state-courts/), [State wage claims (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/state-wage-claims/), [Toxic chemical releases by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/toxic-releases/), [Truck and bus crashes by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/truck-crashes/), [Texas non-subscribers by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/tx-nonsubscribers/), [Unemployment rate by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/unemployment/), [Union membership by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/union-membership/), [USCIS applications by field office (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/uscis-offices/), [VA disability compensation by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/va-compensation/), [VA benefit dollars by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/va-spending/), [Vehicle safety complaints by state and make (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/vehicle-complaints/), [VA-accredited attorneys and agents per veteran by state](https://probativegrowth.com/data/veterans-representation/), [Unpaid wages and OSHA citations by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/wage-enforcement/), [Layoff notices (WARN) by county (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/warn-layoffs/), [Workers' compensation maximum weekly benefit by state (data)](https://probativegrowth.com/data/wc-benefits/), [Workplace injury data by state: BLS dataset and API](https://probativegrowth.com/data/work-injuries/). The full list is in the [data catalog](https://probativegrowth.com/data/). Running a firm? You don’t need the raw data: we handle your state’s ad rules for you. See where your firm stands first. From Probative, the agency Our team uses the noncitizen population figures in client work; the details are in [marketing for immigration lawyers](https://probativegrowth.com/practice-areas/immigration/) and [the ads we run for immigration firms](https://probativegrowth.com/practice-areas/immigration/ads/). Published by Probative Growth, a marketing agency for law firms. See our [services](https://probativegrowth.com/services/) and [pricing](https://probativegrowth.com/pricing/). Free ## Get your free review. {#end-h} Send us your firm’s website. Probative Growth records a 90-second video of what clients see when they look you up, and emails it with a one-page summary within 2 business days. No logins, no call needed. [Not sure where to start? Answer 7 questions](https://probativegrowth.com/law-firm-marketing-checklist/) [Ready to talk? Talk to us](https://probativegrowth.com/contact/#consult) [Or see what AI says about your firm](https://probativegrowth.com/ai-check/) **Your free review:** It covers your Google listing, website, phone and ads, from public information. [See every price](https://probativegrowth.com/pricing/) Practice areas We file the data on this page under the practice area [immigration](https://probativegrowth.com/practice-areas/immigration/). From Probative, the agency Want to act on these datasets? Start with [SEO for law firms, judged by the clients it signs](https://probativegrowth.com/services/law-firm-seo/). Then look at [the marketing plan with published prices](https://probativegrowth.com/services/law-firm-marketing/).