{"@context":{"@language":"en","@vocab":"https://schema.org/","arrayShape":"cr:arrayShape","citeAs":"cr:citeAs","column":"cr:column","conformsTo":"dct:conformsTo","containedIn":"cr:containedIn","cr":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/","rai":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/RAI/","data":{"@id":"cr:data","@type":"@json"},"dataType":{"@id":"cr:dataType","@type":"@vocab"},"dct":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","description":{"@container":"@language"},"equivalentProperty":"cr:equivalentProperty","examples":{"@id":"cr:examples","@type":"@json"},"extract":"cr:extract","field":"cr:field","fileProperty":"cr:fileProperty","fileObject":"cr:fileObject","fileSet":"cr:fileSet","format":"cr:format","includes":"cr:includes","isArray":"cr:isArray","isLiveDataset":"cr:isLiveDataset","jsonPath":"cr:jsonPath","key":"cr:key","md5":"cr:md5","name":{"@container":"@language"},"parentField":"cr:parentField","path":"cr:path","recordSet":"cr:recordSet","references":"cr:references","regex":"cr:regex","repeated":"cr:repeated","replace":"cr:replace","samplingRate":"cr:samplingRate","sc":"https://schema.org/","separator":"cr:separator","source":"cr:source","subField":"cr:subField","transform":"cr:transform"},"@type":"sc:Dataset","conformsTo":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/1.1","name":"The new-lawyer pipeline by jurisdiction: bar exam pass rates and new admissions, 2025","description":"For every US jurisdiction that reports to the National Conference of Bar Examiners (the 50 states, DC, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands): the overall 2025 bar exam pass rate, how many new lawyers were admitted in 2025 (by examination, by transferred UBE score and on motion), how admissions by exam or transferred score changed since 2021, and how much of the total came from transferred scores and from motion. NCBE reserves its published tables, so this dataset republishes none of them: every figure is one we derive from them (a rate, a sum, a change, a share), credited to NCBE with a link to the table it comes from. Each jurisdiction's rows add up to NCBE's own totals row before anything is published.","url":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/bar-pipeline/","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23721443","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23721443","https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23721442","https://zenodo.org/records/23721443"],"version":"1.0.0","datePublished":"2026-10-28","dateModified":"2026-10-28","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","creator":{"@type":"sc:Organization","name":"Probative Growth","url":"https://probativegrowth.com"},"publisher":{"@type":"sc:Organization","name":"Probative Growth","url":"https://probativegrowth.com"},"citeAs":"Probative. (2026). The new-lawyer pipeline by jurisdiction: bar exam pass rates and new admissions, 2025 (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23721443","keywords":["bar exam pass rates","new lawyers admitted","National Conference of Bar Examiners","bar admissions","legal profession pipeline"],"inLanguage":"en","isAccessibleForFree":true,"isLiveDataset":false,"temporalCoverage":"2025","spatialCoverage":{"@type":"sc:Place","name":"United States"},"distribution":[{"@type":"cr:FileObject","@id":"bar-pipeline.csv","name":"bar-pipeline.csv","description":"Every record, one row each (RFC 4180, UTF-8). Columns are described in README.txt.","contentUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/bar-pipeline/bar-pipeline.csv","contentSize":"63272 B","encodingFormat":"text/csv","sha256":"db260fa4673d024f01a84159e433d84661f237bf18b05374ce39c54f6c6ab07b"},{"@type":"cr:FileObject","@id":"bar-pipeline.json","name":"bar-pipeline.json","description":"Every record with its full sources, under a meta envelope (credit line, DOI, license).","contentUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/bar-pipeline/bar-pipeline.json","contentSize":"124494 B","encodingFormat":"application/json","sha256":"e1a8ea203655f6dd5b17a41b9501c17cdae05c557b2e3630a364433369473835"}],"recordSet":[{"@type":"cr:RecordSet","@id":"bar-pipeline","name":"bar-pipeline","description":"The records of The new-lawyer pipeline by jurisdiction: bar exam pass rates and new admissions, 2025, one per CSV row.","key":{"@id":"bar-pipeline/id"},"field":[{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/id","name":"id","description":"Stable record id (never reused)","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"id"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/jurisdiction","name":"jurisdiction","description":"Two-letter state code, DC, US (federal), ABA, or PLATFORM:<name>","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"jurisdiction"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/jurisdictionName","name":"jurisdictionName","description":"Jurisdiction name","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"jurisdictionName"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/status","name":"status","description":"P primary source, S secondary source, D default (no specific rule found), U open question or withheld","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"status"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/year","name":"year","description":"The year the figures are for","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"year"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/pass_rate_pct","name":"pass_rate_pct","description":"Overall bar exam pass rate for the year (February and July together), in percent: passers divided by takers, as we compute it from NCBE's table. Empty when NCBE shows no results for the jurisdiction.","dataType":"sc:Float","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"pass_rate_pct"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/admitted","name":"admitted","description":"New lawyers admitted in the year: the sum of the pathways NCBE shows (by examination, by transferred UBE score, on motion). Where NCBE shows a dash for a pathway it is left out and named in admitted_pathways_reported.","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"admitted"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/admitted_pathways_reported","name":"admitted_pathways_reported","description":"Which admission pathways are in the admitted figure","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"admitted_pathways_reported"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/admitted_change_2021_2025_pct","name":"admitted_change_2021_2025_pct","description":"Change in admissions by exam or by transferred UBE score between 2021 and 2025, in percent. Like for like: motion admissions are left out because several jurisdictions do not report them every year.","dataType":"sc:Float","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"admitted_change_2021_2025_pct"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/transfer_share_pct","name":"transfer_share_pct","description":"Share of the admitted figure that came by transferred UBE score, in percent","dataType":"sc:Float","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"transfer_share_pct"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/motion_share_pct","name":"motion_share_pct","description":"Share of the admitted figure that came on motion (from another jurisdiction's license), in percent","dataType":"sc:Float","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"motion_share_pct"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/text","name":"text","description":"The record in one plain-English sentence","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"text"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/unit","name":"unit","description":"What the value measures","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"unit"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/lastChecked","name":"lastChecked","description":"The day it was last confirmed (YYYY-MM-DD)","dataType":"sc:Date","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"lastChecked"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/note","name":"note","description":"Caveats","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"note"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/sourceLabels","name":"sourceLabels","description":"The NCBE tables the figures are derived from","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"sourceLabels"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/sourceUrls","name":"sourceUrls","description":"Links to those tables","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"sourceUrls"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/confidence","name":"confidence","description":"high, medium or low: computed from status, a second check, age against the refresh cadence and sampling error (rule: /data/#confidence)","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"confidence"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"bar-pipeline/confidenceBasis","name":"confidenceBasis","description":"The reasons for the confidence level, in a short phrase","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"bar-pipeline.csv"},"extract":{"column":"confidenceBasis"}}}]}]}