{"@context":{"@language":"en","@vocab":"https://schema.org/","arrayShape":"cr:arrayShape","citeAs":"cr:citeAs","column":"cr:column","conformsTo":"dct:conformsTo","containedIn":"cr:containedIn","cr":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/","rai":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/RAI/","data":{"@id":"cr:data","@type":"@json"},"dataType":{"@id":"cr:dataType","@type":"@vocab"},"dct":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","description":{"@container":"@language"},"equivalentProperty":"cr:equivalentProperty","examples":{"@id":"cr:examples","@type":"@json"},"extract":"cr:extract","field":"cr:field","fileProperty":"cr:fileProperty","fileObject":"cr:fileObject","fileSet":"cr:fileSet","format":"cr:format","includes":"cr:includes","isArray":"cr:isArray","isLiveDataset":"cr:isLiveDataset","jsonPath":"cr:jsonPath","key":"cr:key","md5":"cr:md5","name":{"@container":"@language"},"parentField":"cr:parentField","path":"cr:path","recordSet":"cr:recordSet","references":"cr:references","regex":"cr:regex","repeated":"cr:repeated","replace":"cr:replace","samplingRate":"cr:samplingRate","sc":"https://schema.org/","separator":"cr:separator","source":"cr:source","subField":"cr:subField","transform":"cr:transform"},"@type":"sc:Dataset","conformsTo":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/1.1","name":"How long federal civil cases take: outcomes, class actions and pro se share by district, nature of suit and year","description":"Federal civil cases from the Federal Judicial Center's Integrated Database (IDB), counted by district, nature-of-suit group and fiscal year: cases filed, the share alleging a class action, the share with a pro se plaintiff, cases terminated, the median days from filing to disposition, the trial share, the median days to trial, and how terminated cases ended (settled, voluntarily dismissed, dismissed, default or consent, motion, trial, other, moved out). One record per district and group for the latest three fiscal years, each with its yearly series, plus a national record per nature-of-suit code. Only aggregates are published: no case-level row, party, docket number or judge. Filings re-add to the U.S. Courts' own totals within half a percent.","url":"https://probativegrowth.com/research/how-long-federal-civil-cases-take/","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23739969","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23739969","https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23739968","https://zenodo.org/records/23739969"],"version":"1.0.0","datePublished":"2026-10-28","dateModified":"2026-10-27","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","creator":{"@type":"sc:Organization","name":"Probative Growth","url":"https://probativegrowth.com"},"publisher":{"@type":"sc:Organization","name":"Probative Growth","url":"https://probativegrowth.com"},"citeAs":"Probative. (2026). How long federal civil cases take: outcomes, class actions and pro se share by district, nature of suit and year (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23739969","keywords":["federal civil cases","time to disposition","class action share","pro se litigants","FJC Integrated Database","nature of suit","federal district courts"],"inLanguage":"en","isAccessibleForFree":true,"isLiveDataset":false,"temporalCoverage":"2015-10-01/2025-09-30","spatialCoverage":{"@type":"sc:Place","name":"United States"},"distribution":[{"@type":"cr:FileObject","@id":"idb-civil.csv","name":"idb-civil.csv","description":"Every record, one row each (RFC 4180, UTF-8). Columns are described in README.txt.","contentUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/idb-civil/idb-civil.csv","contentSize":"1059554 B","encodingFormat":"text/csv","sha256":"73b07aefdef6185c7b06e1e3a4957166565f3f6cf3a888f7d95a0fb4f86b44d7"},{"@type":"cr:FileObject","@id":"idb-civil.json","name":"idb-civil.json","description":"Every record with its full sources, under a meta envelope (credit line, DOI, license).","contentUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/idb-civil/idb-civil.json","contentSize":"4272046 B","encodingFormat":"application/json","sha256":"da61c671967228f7c60bc7276e8d6c53d4ee6f5363d7350dfa6e5e6061989a56"}],"recordSet":[{"@type":"cr:RecordSet","@id":"idb-civil","name":"idb-civil","description":"The records of How long federal civil cases take: outcomes, class actions and pro se share by district, nature of suit and year, one per CSV row.","key":{"@id":"idb-civil/id"},"field":[{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/id","name":"id","description":"Stable record id (never reused)","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"id"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/district","name":"district","description":"The federal district court key (NYS, CAC, ...), or US for all district courts together","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"district"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/districtName","name":"districtName","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"districtName"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/circuit","name":"circuit","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"circuit"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/group","name":"group","description":"Our nature-of-suit group (personal-injury, employment, ...) or all","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"group"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/groupLabel","name":"groupLabel","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"groupLabel"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/kind","name":"kind","description":"district-group (a district and a group) or nos (the whole US for one nature-of-suit code)","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"kind"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/nos","name":"nos","description":"The nature-of-suit code on the civil cover sheet (nos records only)","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"nos"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/nosLabel","name":"nosLabel","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"nosLabel"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/status","name":"status","description":"P primary source, S secondary source, D default (no specific rule found), U open question or withheld","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"status"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/value","name":"value","description":"Median days from filing to disposition, over cases the district itself resolved in the window; empty when fewer than 10","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"value"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/unit","name":"unit","description":"Unit of value","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"unit"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/window","name":"window","description":"The fiscal years pooled in the record (three years, October to September)","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"window"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/filed","name":"filed","description":"Cases filed in the window","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"filed"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/terminated","name":"terminated","description":"Cases terminated in the window","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"terminated"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/resolved","name":"resolved","description":"Terminated cases minus transfers out, remands, MDL transfers and statistical closings","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"resolved"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/classActions","name":"classActions","description":"Filed cases flagged as alleging a class action (Rule 23)","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"classActions"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/classPct","name":"classPct","description":"Class-action share of filed cases, percent; empty when fewer than 10","dataType":"sc:Float","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"classPct"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/proSePlaintiffPct","name":"proSePlaintiffPct","description":"Share of filed cases with a pro se plaintiff, percent; empty when fewer than 10","dataType":"sc:Float","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"proSePlaintiffPct"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/trials","name":"trials","description":"Resolved cases that ended in a jury verdict, directed verdict or court trial","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"trials"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/trialPct","name":"trialPct","description":"Trials as a percent of resolved cases; empty when fewer than 10","dataType":"sc:Float","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"trialPct"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/medianDaysToTrial","name":"medianDaysToTrial","description":"Median days from filing to the start of trial, for jury and court trials with a recorded start date; empty when fewer than 10","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"medianDaysToTrial"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/trialsWithDate","name":"trialsWithDate","description":"Trials with a usable start date","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"trialsWithDate"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/medianDaysToTrialAllYears","name":"medianDaysToTrialAllYears","description":"The same median over all ten fiscal years","dataType":"sc:Integer","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"medianDaysToTrialAllYears"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/effectiveFrom","name":"effectiveFrom","description":"When the fact took effect (YYYY-MM-DD), if known","dataType":"sc:Date","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"effectiveFrom"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/effectiveTo","name":"effectiveTo","description":"When it stopped applying; empty while current","dataType":"sc:Date","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"effectiveTo"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/lastChecked","name":"lastChecked","description":"The day it was last confirmed (YYYY-MM-DD)","dataType":"sc:Date","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"lastChecked"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/note","name":"note","description":"Caveats","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"note"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/confidence","name":"confidence","description":"high, medium or low: computed from status, a second check, age against the refresh cadence and sampling error (rule: /data/#confidence)","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"confidence"}}},{"@type":"cr:Field","@id":"idb-civil/confidenceBasis","name":"confidenceBasis","description":"The reasons for the confidence level, in a short phrase","dataType":"sc:Text","source":{"fileObject":{"@id":"idb-civil.csv"},"extract":{"column":"confidenceBasis"}}}]}]}