{"meta":{"title":"Probative legal-marketing data","publisher":"Probative","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","notice":"Probative is a marketing firm, not a law firm; not legal advice.","url":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/index.json","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/resources/rules-api/","lastChecked":"2026-10-26","attribution":"Each dataset has its own credit line and DOI, below. CC BY 4.0 asks for credit and a link."},"datasets":[{"id":"rules","title":"Lawyer advertising rules by state (50 states and DC)","summary":"The lawyer advertising rules of every US state and DC, in plain English: ad filing, what each ad must include, waiting periods for injury contact, claims and testimonials, referral and lead rules, ads in other languages, call-recording consent, texting law and privacy law. Each cell cites its source and says how it was checked (P, S, D or U).","version":"1.0.0","released":"2026-10-25","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23645751","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23645751","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.23645750","record":"https://zenodo.org/records/23645751","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Source: Probative, Lawyer advertising rules by state (50 states and DC), version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23645751, licensed CC BY 4.0.","citation":"Probative. (2026). Lawyer advertising rules by state (50 states and DC) (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23645751","lastChecked":"2026-10-25","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/resources/lawyer-advertising-rules-by-state/","index":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/rules/index.json","openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/rules/openapi.json","changes":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/rules/changes.json","csv":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/rules/rules.csv","json":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/rules/rules.json","count":459,"staleAfterDays":90,"disclaimer":"Not legal advice. This is a plain-English summary of public sources, kept for marketing planning, and rules change. Check with your state bar and your own counsel before you run an ad.","toolset":"rules","tools":[],"mcp":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/rules"},{"id":"ca-courts","title":"California court filings by county: civil, criminal, family, juvenile, probate and appeals, fiscal years 2023–24 and 2024–25","summary":"How many cases were filed in each of California's 58 superior courts (one per county) and statewide, by case type, from the Judicial Council of California's Court Statistics Reports: unlimited civil (motor-vehicle injury, other injury and wrongful death, other civil), limited civil, unlawful detainer, small claims, felonies and misdemeanors, family law, juvenile, probate, mental health and appeals. One record per county and case type, with the prior year beside it. In every table the 58 counties add up exactly to the report's own statewide row, and the totals inside each row add up too. Counts only: no lawyer or firm is listed or ranked.","uses":"Use it to see where the legal work is. A filing is a new case opened in the county's superior court, so the counts show how much demand each practice area has in each county; they do not show how many of those people hired a lawyer. Filings are for a state fiscal year (July 1 to June 30). Compare a county's count with the statewide row and with the year before, and read the report's own limits before you rely on a small county's figure.","version":"1.0.0","released":"2026-10-26","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23658524","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23658524","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.23658523","record":"https://zenodo.org/records/23658524","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Source: Probative, California court filings by county: civil, criminal, family, juvenile, probate and appeals, fiscal years 2023–24 and 2024–25, version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23658524, licensed CC BY 4.0.","citation":"Probative. (2026). California court filings by county: civil, criminal, family, juvenile, probate and appeals, fiscal years 2023–24 and 2024–25 (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23658524","lastChecked":"2026-10-26","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/ca-courts/","index":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/ca-courts/index.json","openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/ca-courts/openapi.json","changes":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/ca-courts/changes.json","csv":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/ca-courts/ca-courts.csv","json":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/ca-courts/ca-courts.json","count":2301,"staleAfterDays":400,"disclaimer":"Not legal advice. These are counts from the Judicial Council of California's published statistics, kept for marketing planning. A filing is a new case opened in the court, not a person or a client. Check the Judicial Council's current report.","toolset":"declarative","key":"area","keys":["ALAMEDA","ALPINE","AMADOR","BUTTE","CA","CALAVERAS","COLUSA","CONTRA-COSTA","DEL-NORTE","EL-DORADO","FRESNO","GLENN","HUMBOLDT","IMPERIAL","INYO","KERN","KINGS","LAKE","LASSEN","LOS-ANGELES","MADERA","MARIN","MARIPOSA","MENDOCINO","MERCED","MODOC","MONO","MONTEREY","NAPA","NEVADA","ORANGE","PLACER","PLUMAS","RIVERSIDE","SACRAMENTO","SAN-BENITO","SAN-BERNARDINO","SAN-DIEGO","SAN-FRANCISCO","SAN-JOAQUIN","SAN-LUIS-OBISPO","SAN-MATEO","SANTA-BARBARA","SANTA-CLARA","SANTA-CRUZ","SHASTA","SIERRA","SISKIYOU","SOLANO","SONOMA","STANISLAUS","SUTTER","TEHAMA","TRINITY","TULARE","TUOLUMNE","VENTURA","YOLO","YUBA"],"tools":[{"name":"cacourts_lookup","kind":"lookup","title":"One California county's court filings","description":"For one California county (for example los-angeles, san-diego, or CA for the whole state): cases filed in fiscal year 2024–25 by case type (civil, motor-vehicle injury, other injury and wrongful death, unlawful detainer, felonies, family, juvenile, probate, appeals), each with the year before and the Judicial Council table it came from."},{"name":"cacourts_compare","kind":"compare","title":"Compare California counties' court filings","description":"The same filing counts side by side for up to 10 California counties (county names in lowercase with hyphens, such as san-francisco, or CA for the state)."}],"mcp":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/ca-courts"},{"id":"fees","title":"Attorney fee caps and contingency-fee rules, by state and federal program","summary":"Legal limits on what a lawyer may charge, by program and jurisdiction: workers' compensation in every US state and DC, Social Security (SSDI and SSI), the Federal Tort Claims Act, VA benefits, Longshore, FECA and black lung, plus medical-malpractice and general contingency-fee rules in the states read so far. Each record gives the cap type, percent, dollar cap or sliding-scale tiers, what the percent applies to and who approves the fee, and cites the statute, rule or agency page with an exact quote and the date read (P, D or U; no secondary sources). A lookup, not a fee calculator.","version":"1.0.0","released":"2026-10-26","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656738","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656738","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656737","record":"https://zenodo.org/records/23656738","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Source: Probative, Attorney fee caps and contingency-fee rules, by state and federal program, version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656738, licensed CC BY 4.0.","citation":"Probative. (2026). Attorney fee caps and contingency-fee rules, by state and federal program (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656738","lastChecked":"2026-10-25","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/research/attorney-fee-caps-by-state/","index":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/fees/index.json","openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/fees/openapi.json","changes":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/fees/changes.json","csv":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/fees/fees.csv","json":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/fees/fees.json","count":79,"staleAfterDays":90,"disclaimer":"Not legal advice. This is a plain-English summary of public sources, kept for marketing planning, and rules change. Check with your state bar and your own counsel before you sign a fee agreement.","toolset":"declarative","key":"jurisdiction","keys":["AK","AL","AR","AZ","CA","CO","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","HI","IA","ID","IL","IN","KS","KY","LA","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","MS","MT","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NM","NV","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","TX","US","UT","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"],"tools":[{"name":"fees_lookup","kind":"lookup","title":"Attorney fee caps in one jurisdiction","description":"The fee limits recorded for one US state, DC or US (federal programs): workers' comp, and where read, medical malpractice and contingency rules, each with its cap, what it applies to, who approves the fee, and the cited source."},{"name":"fees_compare","kind":"compare","title":"Compare attorney fee caps across states","description":"Fee limits side by side for up to 10 jurisdictions (two-letter codes, DC, or US for federal programs), each with its cited source."},{"name":"fees_search","kind":"search","title":"Search attorney fee caps","description":"Fee-cap records whose text matches the words given, such as \"workers comp 20%\", \"FTCA\", \"medical malpractice sliding scale\" or a state name."}],"mcp":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/fees"},{"id":"filing","title":"What US state bars charge, and require, to file or review lawyer advertising","summary":"What each US state bar asks of a lawyer who advertises: whether ads or solicitations must be filed or reviewed, when, the standard, late and advisory fees, the portal or method, whether an expedited review exists, and how long copies must be kept. Every recorded field is backed by a short quote from the bar's or court's own rule or page, with the date read; a field we could not read from a primary source is marked unknown.","version":"1.0.0","released":"2026-10-26","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656746","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656746","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656745","record":"https://zenodo.org/records/23656746","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Source: Probative, What US state bars charge, and require, to file or review lawyer advertising, version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656746, licensed CC BY 4.0.","citation":"Probative. (2026). What US state bars charge, and require, to file or review lawyer advertising (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656746","lastChecked":"2026-10-25","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/research/lawyer-ad-filing-fees/","index":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/filing/index.json","openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/filing/openapi.json","changes":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/filing/changes.json","csv":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/filing/filing.csv","json":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/filing/filing.json","count":51,"staleAfterDays":90,"disclaimer":"Not legal advice. This is a plain-English summary of public sources, kept for marketing planning, and rules change. Check with your state bar and your own counsel before you run an ad.","toolset":"declarative","key":"jurisdiction","keys":["AK","AL","AR","AZ","CA","CO","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","HI","IA","ID","IL","IN","KS","KY","LA","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","MS","MT","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NM","NV","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","TX","UT","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"],"tools":[{"name":"filing_lookup","kind":"lookup","title":"Ad filing duty for one state","description":"What one state or DC asks a lawyer to file before or after an ad runs: the filing duty, timing, standard, late and advisory fees, the portal, record-keeping, and the quoted primary sources."},{"name":"filing_compare","kind":"compare","title":"Compare ad filing across states","description":"Ad filing duties and fees side by side for up to 10 states (two-letter codes, or DC)."},{"name":"filing_search","kind":"search","title":"Search the ad filing records","description":"Ad filing records whose text matches the words given, such as \"filing fee\", \"before first use\" or a state name."}],"mcp":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/filing"},{"id":"language","title":"Spanish-speaking demand vs Spanish-speaking lawyer supply, by state and metro","summary":"How many people who speak Spanish at home, and how many who speak English less than very well, there are for each lawyer who speaks Spanish at home: for the US, every state and DC, and every metro area. Computed from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (2020 to 2024 five-year tables and microdata), each figure with its 90% margin of error and a reliability flag; estimates too unreliable to publish are withheld. Aggregates only: no lawyer or firm is listed or ranked.","uses":"Use it to decide where Spanish-language marketing is worth the effort. Look up your state or metro: the record gives how many residents speak Spanish at home and speak English less than very well, how many lawyers and judges speak Spanish at home, and the ratio between them, each with its margin of error. Where the sample is too thin, the number is withheld rather than guessed. Pair it with your own intake: if Spanish callers already reach you, the gap in your area tells you how much more demand is waiting.","version":"1.1.0","released":"2026-10-26","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656758","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656758","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656757","record":"https://zenodo.org/records/23656758","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Source: Probative, Spanish-speaking demand vs Spanish-speaking lawyer supply, by state and metro, version 1.1.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656758, licensed CC BY 4.0.","citation":"Probative. (2026). Spanish-speaking demand vs Spanish-speaking lawyer supply, by state and metro (Version 1.1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656758","lastChecked":"2026-10-25","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/language/","index":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/language/index.json","openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/language/openapi.json","changes":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/language/changes.json","csv":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/language/language.csv","json":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/language/language.json","count":3512,"staleAfterDays":400,"disclaimer":"Not legal advice. This is a plain-English summary of public sources, kept for marketing planning. These are survey estimates with margins of error.","toolset":"declarative","key":"area","keys":["10180","10420","10500","10540","10580","10740","10780","10900","11020","11100","11180","11200","11260","11460","11500","11540","11700","12020","12060","12100","12220","12260","12420","12540","12580","12620","12700","12940","12980","13020","13140","13220","13380","13460","13740","13780","13820","13900","13980","14010","14020","14260","14460","14500","14540","14580","14740","14860","15180","15260","15380","15500","15540","15940","15980","16020","16180","16220","16300","16540","16580","16620","16700","16740","16820","16860","16940","16980","17020","17140","17300","17410","17420","17660","17780","17820","17860","17900","17980","18020","18140","18580","18700","18880","19100","19140","19300","19340","19430","19460","19500","19660","19740","19780","19820","20020","20100","20220","20260","20500","20580","20740","20940","21060","21140","21300","21340","21420","21500","21660","21780","21820","22020","22140","22180","22220","22380","22420","22500","22520","22540","22660","22900","23060","23420","23460","23540","23580","23900","24020","24140","24220","24260","24300","24340","24420","24500","24540","24580","24660","24780","24860","25060","25180","25220","25260","25420","25500","25540","25620","25740","25860","25940","25980","26140","26300","26380","26420","26580","26620","26820","26900","26980","27060","27100","27140","27180","27260","27340","27500","27620","27740","27780","27860","27900","27980","28020","28100","28140","28420","28450","28660","28700","28740","28880","28940","29020","29100","29180","29200","29340","29420","29460","29540","29620","29700","29740","29820","29940","30020","30140","30300","30340","30460","30500","30620","30700","30780","30860","30980","31020","31080","31140","31180","31340","31420","31540","31700","31740","31860","31900","32580","32780","32820","32900","33100","33140","33220","33260","33340","33460","33500","33540","33660","33700","33740","33780","33860","34060","34100","34580","34620","34740","34820","34900","34940","34980","35300","35380","35620","35660","35840","35980","36100","36220","36260","36420","36500","36540","36740","36780","36980","37100","37140","37340","37460","37620","37860","37900","37980","38060","38240","38300","38340","38540","38860","38900","38940","39150","39300","39340","39380","39460","39540","39580","39660","39740","39820","39900","40060","40140","40220","40340","40380","40420","40580","40660","40900","40980","41060","41100","41140","41180","41420","41500","41540","41620","41660","41700","41740","41780","41860","41940","42020","42100","42140","42200","42220","42340","42540","42660","42680","42700","43100","43300","43340","43420","43580","43620","43640","43780","43900","44060","44100","44140","44180","44220","44300","44420","44700","44940","45060","45220","45300","45460","45500","45780","45820","45900","45940","46060","46140","46220","46300","46340","46520","46540","46660","46700","47020","47220","47260","47300","47380","47460","47580","47900","47930","47940","48060","48140","48260","48300","48540","48620","48660","48680","48700","48900","49020","49180","49340","49420","49620","49660","49700","49740","AK","AL","AR","AZ","CA","CO","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","HI","IA","ID","IL","IN","KS","KY","LA","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","MS","MT","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NM","NV","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","TX","US","UT","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"],"tools":[{"name":"language_lookup","kind":"lookup","title":"Spanish-language demand and supply for one area","description":"For one area (US, a two-letter state code, or a metro's 5-digit CBSA code such as 19100 for Dallas-Fort Worth): Spanish speakers, those with limited English, lawyers, Spanish-speaking lawyers and the ratios, each with its margin of error and reliability."},{"name":"language_compare","kind":"compare","title":"Compare areas on Spanish-language demand and supply","description":"The same measures side by side for up to 10 areas (US, state codes or metro CBSA codes)."},{"name":"language_search","kind":"search","title":"Find an area's Spanish-language figures","description":"Records whose text matches the words given, such as a metro or state name (\"Houston\", \"New Jersey\") plus a measure (\"limited English per Spanish-speaking lawyer\")."}],"mcp":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/language"},{"id":"mdl","title":"Mass-tort docket tracker, federal MDL pending actions by month since 2019","summary":"Pending actions in every federal multidistrict litigation (MDL), from the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation's monthly 'Pending MDL Dockets by Actions Pending' reports. One record per docket in the latest report: the court's docket title, the transferee district, actions now pending, actions ever filed, the change over 12 months, and the docket's monthly pending count since 2019. Every report's rows add up exactly to the court's own totals row. The full monthly series, judge included, is at /data/v1/mdl/history/. Counts and dates only.","version":"1.0.0","released":"2026-10-26","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656743","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656743","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656742","record":"https://zenodo.org/records/23656743","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Source: Probative, Mass-tort docket tracker, federal MDL pending actions by month since 2019, version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656743, licensed CC BY 4.0.","citation":"Probative. (2026). Mass-tort docket tracker, federal MDL pending actions by month since 2019 (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656743","lastChecked":"2026-10-25","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/research/mass-tort-mdl-tracker/","index":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/mdl/index.json","openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/mdl/openapi.json","changes":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/mdl/changes.json","csv":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/mdl/mdl.csv","json":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/mdl/mdl.json","count":162,"staleAfterDays":45,"disclaimer":"Not legal advice. These are counts from the court's published statistics, kept for marketing planning. Counts change monthly; check the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation's current report.","toolset":"declarative","key":"mdl","keys":["MDL-1358","MDL-1570","MDL-1663","MDL-1720","MDL-1871","MDL-1916","MDL-1917","MDL-2099","MDL-2151","MDL-2165","MDL-2179","MDL-2197","MDL-2243","MDL-2311","MDL-2323","MDL-2406","MDL-2441","MDL-2460","MDL-2492","MDL-2542","MDL-2566","MDL-2570","MDL-2599","MDL-2656","MDL-2666","MDL-2670","MDL-2672","MDL-2695","MDL-2700","MDL-2704","MDL-2724","MDL-2738","MDL-2740","MDL-2741","MDL-2753","MDL-2768","MDL-2782","MDL-2789","MDL-2804","MDL-2814","MDL-2816","MDL-2818","MDL-2841","MDL-2843","MDL-2846","MDL-2848","MDL-2859","MDL-2862","MDL-2865","MDL-2867","MDL-2873","MDL-2875","MDL-2879","MDL-2885","MDL-2904","MDL-2905","MDL-2913","MDL-2918","MDL-2921","MDL-2924","MDL-2930","MDL-2931","MDL-2951","MDL-2967","MDL-2972","MDL-2973","MDL-2974","MDL-2981","MDL-2984","MDL-2985","MDL-2992","MDL-2996","MDL-2998","MDL-3001","MDL-3004","MDL-3006","MDL-3010","MDL-3014","MDL-3015","MDL-3023","MDL-3026","MDL-3028","MDL-3029","MDL-3030","MDL-3031","MDL-3034","MDL-3035","MDL-3036","MDL-3037","MDL-3040","MDL-3043","MDL-3044","MDL-3047","MDL-3050","MDL-3051","MDL-3052","MDL-3060","MDL-3062","MDL-3071","MDL-3073","MDL-3074","MDL-3076","MDL-3078","MDL-3079","MDL-3080","MDL-3081","MDL-3083","MDL-3084","MDL-3087","MDL-3092","MDL-3094","MDL-3096","MDL-3097","MDL-3098","MDL-3101","MDL-3103","MDL-3108","MDL-3110","MDL-3111","MDL-3113","MDL-3114","MDL-3115","MDL-3119","MDL-3121","MDL-3125","MDL-3126","MDL-3128","MDL-3138","MDL-3140","MDL-3143","MDL-3144","MDL-3148","MDL-3149","MDL-3152","MDL-3153","MDL-3154","MDL-3155","MDL-3157","MDL-3159","MDL-3160","MDL-3161","MDL-3162","MDL-3163","MDL-3166","MDL-3167","MDL-3170","MDL-3171","MDL-3172","MDL-3174","MDL-3175","MDL-3176","MDL-3178","MDL-3179","MDL-3180","MDL-3181","MDL-3185","MDL-3187","MDL-3189","MDL-3190","MDL-3191","MDL-3192","MDL-3193"],"tools":[{"name":"mdl_lookup","kind":"lookup","title":"One federal MDL's pending actions and history","description":"For one MDL docket (for example MDL-2738): the court's title, district, actions now pending and ever filed in the latest JPML report, the 12-month change, and the monthly pending count since 2019."},{"name":"mdl_search","kind":"search","title":"Search federal MDL dockets","description":"Federal MDL dockets in the latest JPML report whose title matches the words given (a product, drug, device or company name), with pending actions."},{"name":"mdl_compare","kind":"compare","title":"Compare federal MDL dockets","description":"Up to 10 MDL dockets (for example MDL-2738, MDL-3140) side by side: pending and total actions, the 12-month change and the monthly history."}],"mcp":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/mdl"},{"id":"opinions","title":"Legal-marketing ethics opinions, 2015–2026","summary":"An index of US state and ABA ethics opinions, committee guidelines and court rulings on lawyer advertising and marketing, from 2015 to 2026 plus earlier landmarks: lead generators, pay-per-lead, reviews, testimonials, trade names, websites, social media, chatbots and AI tools, competitor keywords and more. Each record gives the issuing body, number, date, topics, a one-sentence holding in our words, a practical step, whether it is still in force, the official link, an exact short quote and the date read. It is not the opinions' full text.","uses":"Use it before you try a new kind of marketing. If you want to buy leads, pay a referral platform, quote a client review, run a chatbot or bid on a rival firm's name, search the index for that topic and your state first. You will see which committees have already answered the question, what they said in plain words, what step it points to, and whether the answer still stands. Then read the opinion itself through its official link before you rely on it. Typical questions it answers: can a firm pay a lead generator per lead or per signed case; may an ad quote a client's online review; may a firm buy a competitor's name as a search keyword; who is responsible when a chatbot on the firm's site answers a legal question; and whether a trade name or a website domain can imply a specialty. Each answer names the committee or court, the opinion number and its date, so a partner can hand the citation straight to counsel.","version":"1.0.0","released":"2026-10-26","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656749","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656749","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656748","record":"https://zenodo.org/records/23656749","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Source: Probative, Legal-marketing ethics opinions, 2015–2026, version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656749, licensed CC BY 4.0.","citation":"Probative. (2026). Legal-marketing ethics opinions, 2015–2026 (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656749","lastChecked":"2026-10-25","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/opinions/","index":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/opinions/index.json","openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/opinions/openapi.json","changes":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/opinions/changes.json","csv":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/opinions/opinions.csv","json":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/opinions/opinions.json","count":251,"staleAfterDays":90,"disclaimer":"Not legal advice. This is a plain-English summary of public ethics opinions, kept for marketing planning, and opinions and rules change. Check with your state bar and your own counsel before you run an ad.","toolset":"declarative","key":"jurisdiction","keys":["ABA","AK","AL","AZ","CA","CO","CT","DC","DE","FL","GA","HI","IL","KY","MD","MI","MN","MO","NC","NE","NH","NJ","NM","NV","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","TX","UT","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV"],"tools":[{"name":"opinions_lookup","kind":"lookup","title":"Ethics opinions for one state","description":"The marketing ethics opinions indexed for one state, DC or the ABA: issuing body, number, date, topics, a one-sentence holding, whether it is still in force, the official link and a short quote."},{"name":"opinions_compare","kind":"compare","title":"Compare ethics opinions across states","description":"The indexed marketing ethics opinions of up to 10 jurisdictions side by side."},{"name":"opinions_search","kind":"search","title":"Search ethics opinions","description":"Marketing ethics opinions whose holding or title matches the words given, such as \"lead generator\", \"Google reviews\", \"trade name\" or \"chatbot\"."}],"mcp":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/opinions"},{"id":"platforms","title":"Legal ad-platform policy tracker","summary":"The ad-platform policies that affect US law-firm advertising on Google Ads, Google Local Services, YouTube, Microsoft Ads, Meta, LinkedIn and ChatGPT ads: what each rule says in plain English, what a firm should do about it, which practice areas it touches, when it took effect, and a dated log of changes. Each record quotes the platform's own policy or help page and gives the date it was read.","uses":"Use it before a campaign goes live, or when an ad is suddenly disapproved. Look up the platform and your practice area: the record says what the policy asks in plain English, what to change in your account or your ads, and the date the rule began. The change log shows what moved since you last checked, so a rejection is easier to trace to the rule behind it. Every record links to the platform's own page, which is the wording that counts. Typical questions it answers: what Google Local Services Ads checks before the 'Google Verified' badge shows; which legal services need Google's legal-services certification; what Meta allows for lead forms and special ad categories; how Microsoft Advertising treats bail bonds or debt relief; and what the newer ChatGPT and AI-answer ad programs say about legal advertisers. Each record says which practice areas it touches, so a family-law or immigration firm can skip the rules that only bind injury firms.","version":"1.0.0","released":"2026-10-26","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656753","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656753","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.23656752","record":"https://zenodo.org/records/23656753","license":"CC BY 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"Source: Probative, Legal ad-platform policy tracker, version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656753, licensed CC BY 4.0.","citation":"Probative. (2026). Legal ad-platform policy tracker (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23656753","lastChecked":"2026-10-25","humanUrl":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/platforms/","index":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/platforms/index.json","openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/platforms/openapi.json","changes":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/platforms/changes.json","csv":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/platforms/platforms.csv","json":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/platforms/platforms.json","count":64,"staleAfterDays":45,"disclaimer":"Not legal advice. This is a plain-English summary of the platforms' public policy pages, kept for marketing planning, and platforms change their rules often. Check the platform's live page, your state bar's rules and your own counsel before you run an ad.","toolset":"declarative","key":"platform","keys":["CHATGPT-ADS","GOOGLE-ADS","GOOGLE-LSA","LINKEDIN-ADS","META","MICROSOFT-ADS","YOUTUBE"],"tools":[{"name":"platforms_lookup","kind":"lookup","title":"Ad policies for one platform","description":"Every tracked policy for one ad platform (google-ads, google-lsa, youtube, microsoft-ads, meta, linkedin-ads or chatgpt-ads): the rule in plain English, what to do, the practice areas it touches, its dates and the quoted policy page."},{"name":"platforms_compare","kind":"compare","title":"Compare ad platforms' policies","description":"The tracked policies of up to 10 ad platforms side by side."},{"name":"platforms_search","kind":"search","title":"Search ad-platform policies","description":"Ad-platform policy records whose text matches the words given, such as \"bail bonds\", \"debt services\", \"missed call\" or \"Spanish ads\"."}],"mcp":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/platforms"}],"openapi":"https://probativegrowth.com/data/v1/openapi.json","mcp":{"endpoint":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp","serverCard":"https://probativegrowth.com/mcp/server-card","transport":"streamable-http","auth":"none"}}