cff-version: 1.2.0
message: "If you use this dataset, please cite it as: Probative Growth, Spanish-speaking demand vs Spanish-speaking lawyer supply, by state and metro, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898117. Source: Probative, Spanish-speaking demand vs Spanish-speaking lawyer supply, by state and metro, version 2.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898117, licensed CC BY 4.0."
type: dataset
title: "Spanish-speaking demand vs Spanish-speaking lawyer supply, by state and metro"
authors:
  - name: "Probative Growth"
    website: "https://probativegrowth.com"
version: "2.0.0"
date-released: 2026-11-02
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.23898117
url: "https://probativegrowth.com/data/language/"
license: CC-BY-4.0
abstract: "How many people speak Spanish at home in the US, each state and DC, and the metro areas, how many of them speak English less than very well, and how many there are for each lawyer who speaks Spanish at home. Computed from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (2020 to 2024 five-year tables and microdata), each figure with its 90% margin of error and a reliability grade. Aggregates only: no lawyer or firm is listed or ranked."
keywords:
  - "Spanish-speaking lawyers"
  - "limited English proficiency"
  - "American Community Survey"
  - "access to justice"
  - "legal services demand"