Data · IRS Data Book by state
IRS returns, collections and refunds by state
How many returns the IRS processes, how much tax it collects and how many refunds it issues in each state, for each fiscal year from 2019 to 2025. The figures are the IRS's own, from its Data Book state tables, and each year's national total is checked against a separate national table.
What is in this dataset?
Returns and other forms filed, gross tax collections and refunds issued, from the Internal Revenue Service Data Book state tables, for the nation, each state, DC and Puerto Rico and each fiscal year (October to September) from 2019 to 2025: returns by form type (individual, employment, C corporation, S corporation, partnership), collections by type of tax (individual income and employment, withheld, business income, estate, gift, excise) and the number and amount of refunds. Dollar amounts are in dollars; IRS prints them in thousands. The national record also holds what IRS counts in the nation but assigns to no state.
Use it to size tax-related demand by state: where the most returns are filed, collected and refunded, how that changed from 2019 to 2025, and how the mix of individual, business and employment filings differs by state, as context for tax-law and tax-resolution marketing. Agents can look up a state, compare several states, or search by fiscal year.
- Records
- 371
- Look up by
- 53
- state
- Primary-source records
- 371
The letters are explained in what P, S, D and U mean.
Where does the data come from?
The IRS publishes each Data Book table as an Excel file per fiscal year; the pull finds the file links on the IRS index page, reads Tables 1-3 (returns), 1-5 (gross collections), 1-7 and 1-8 (refunds) by state and Table 1-1 (national) for fiscal years 2019 on, checks that each column's header is the one expected, and keeps only the cells the build uses. A figure IRS withholds to avoid disclosure or marks not applicable is left out. A gate ties the state tables to Table 1-1 and to the IRS landing-page highlights, adds every geographic row to the national total, and re-downloads every file.
- Period covered
- October 1, 2018 to September 30, 2025
- Places
- The whole US and states
- How often we refresh it
- Once a year
- Records read
- October 29, 2026
Official sources
- Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income, by bulk download. A work of the U.S. government (17 U.S.C. 105), published as public Excel files on irs.gov; irs.gov/robots.txt does not disallow the statistics pages or the files.
The sources the records cite most
What does a record look like?
-
Texas, IRS fiscal year 2019 (October 2018 to September 2019): the IRS collected $292.3 billion in gross taxes, processed 20.1 million returns and other forms, issued 10.5 million refunds worth $38.7 billion.
Status P · checked October 29, 2026 · source: IRS Data Book, Tables 1-3, 1-5, 1-7 and 1-8 (Statistics of Income)
-
California, IRS fiscal year 2019 (October 2018 to September 2019): the IRS collected $472.0 billion in gross taxes, processed 30.6 million returns and other forms, issued 13.7 million refunds worth $42.3 billion.
Status P · checked October 29, 2026 · source: IRS Data Book, Tables 1-3, 1-5, 1-7 and 1-8 (Statistics of Income)
-
United States, IRS fiscal year 2019 (October 2018 to September 2019): the IRS collected $3.56 trillion in gross taxes, processed 253.0 million returns and other forms, issued 121.9 million refunds worth $452.1 billion.
Status P · checked October 29, 2026 · source: IRS Data Book, Tables 1-3, 1-5, 1-7 and 1-8 (Statistics of Income)
The full records add the dates, the quoted source text and every field in the CSV and JSON files below.
What each of the 27 main columns means
jurisdiction- Two-letter state code (50 states, DC, PR), or US
level- state or us
fiscalYear- IRS fiscal year, October of the prior year to September (2025 = October 2024 to September 2025)
status- P: IRS's own published figure
value- Gross tax collections in dollars (the same as collections_total)
returns_total- Returns and other forms filed (excludes information returns)
returns_individual- Individual income tax returns (Form 1040 series)
returns_employment- Employment tax returns
returns_c_corp- C or other corporation income tax returns
returns_s_corp- S corporation returns
returns_partnership- Partnership returns
collections_total- Gross collections in dollars, including penalties and interest
collections_business- Business income taxes
collections_individual_employment- Individual income, employment and estate and trust income taxes
collections_withheld- Individual income tax withheld, including Social Security and Medicare
collections_individual_payments- Individual income tax payments
collections_estate- Estate tax
collections_gift- Gift tax
collections_excise- Excise taxes
refunds_number_total- Number of refunds issued
refunds_number_individual- Number of individual income tax refunds
refunds_amount_total- Amount of refunds issued, in dollars, including interest
refunds_amount_individual- Individual income tax refunds, in dollars
collections_outside_states- US record: collections IRS counts in the nation but assigns to no state (armed forces overseas, international, undistributed, other areas)
returns_outside_states- US record: returns assigned to no state
refunds_number_outside_states- US record: refunds assigned to no state
refunds_amount_outside_states- US record: refund dollars assigned to no state
How do I use it in my own tools?
irsdatabook_lookup- For one two-letter state code, or US: IRS returns filed, gross collections by type of tax and refunds issued for every fiscal year from 2019 to 2025.
irsdatabook_compare- The records of up to 10 states (or US) side by side: returns filed, gross collections and refunds by fiscal year.
irsdatabook_search- Records whose text matches the words given, such as a fiscal year ("2024") or a state name.
How to cite this dataset
You can reuse, adapt and republish this data, including commercially, under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (CC BY 4.0). The only condition is that you credit Probative and link to the source.
- Version
- 1.0.0, released October 30, 2026
- Every version
- 10.5281/zenodo.23792825 (always points to the newest)
- License
- CC BY 4.0
Download the data
- CSV: irs-databook.csv 258 KB · one row per record (columns in README.txt)
- JSON: irs-databook.json 658 KB · every record with its sources
Free, no email or login. The files are hosted on this site and Zenodo, a public research archive.
Suggested citation
Probative. (2026). IRS Data Book by state: returns filed, gross tax collections and refunds, fiscal years 2019 to 2025 (Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23792826
Credit line for a chart, table or article
Source: Probative, IRS Data Book by state: returns filed, gross tax collections and refunds, fiscal years 2019 to 2025, version 1.0.0, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23792826, licensed CC BY 4.0.
Add to a reference manager (Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote)
Not legal advice. These are the IRS's own counts of returns, collections and refunds by the state of the filer's address; they describe IRS workload and tax flows, not any person's tax position. A state's collections depend on where taxpayers (including multi-state companies) are located, not only on where income was earned. Tax questions are for a qualified professional.
What changed recently?
- 2026-10-29 · IRS returns filed, gross tax collections and refunds issued by state, fiscal years 2019 to 2025: in 2025 the IRS collected $5.31 trillion and issued $638.8 billion in refunds. (source)
The full log is in changes.json.
What are the limits?
- A fiscal year runs from October of the year before to September of the year named.
- Where a figure belongs to a state follows the address on the return or payment. A company with offices in several states shows up where it files, so collections are not the same as tax earned in the state.
- Dollar amounts are the IRS's gross collections and refunds in dollars (the IRS prints thousands); gross collections include penalties and interest and are before refunds.
- IRS withholds a few small cells to avoid disclosing a taxpayer, and some figures do not apply to every state; those figures are not shown, so a record can carry fewer measures than another.
- The national record also holds the amounts IRS counts in the nation but assigns to no state (armed forces overseas, international, undistributed and other areas). State records do not add up to the national figure without them.
- Earlier fiscal years are published by the IRS as older file types and are not included.
- Records older than 400 days since their last check are marked
stalein the files until we re-check them. Every confirmed error we fix is listed in the data corrections log.
Found a wrong value? Report an error with the record id and the source that shows the right value.
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