How Probative builds its open datasets: methods report

Probative Growth

Data · Citation kit

Citation kit for every open dataset

The citation kit gives reporters, researchers and AI agents one way to cite each dataset, with its DOI, license, sources and next update. Download the whole kit as JSON or CSV.

Built November 7, 2026 · CC BY 4.0 · Not legal advice

The standard citation, DOI, license, sources and next update of each of our 90 open datasets; every one carries a DOI, a version DOI.

The standard citation

Every dataset is cited the same way: the publisher, the dataset title, the year it was released and the link to its DOI (the version DOI, or the concept DOI while a new version waits to be archived). The same string is in each dataset’s CITATION.cff file, its data API files, its MCP server card and the footer of its pages.

Probative Growth, <dataset title>, <year>, https://doi.org/<DOI>

Dataset by dataset

Lawyer advertising rules by state (50 states and DC)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Lawyer advertising rules by state (50 states and DC), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23958753

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23958753
Version: 1.5.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 3 most cited): calbar.ca.gov
www-media.floridabar.org
leg.state.nv.us
Next update: January 26, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Google search-ad costs for lawyer searches by practice area and state: top-of-page bid bands and competition (Google Ads Keyword Planner)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Google search-ad costs for lawyer searches by practice area and state: top-of-page bid bands and competition (Google Ads Keyword Planner), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23851278

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23851278
Version: 1.0.0, released November 1, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 1 most cited): ads.google.com
Next update: October 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Attorneys by county in Ohio, California, Michigan, Idaho, Arizona, Washington and Pennsylvania, from each bar's public counts

Cite as

Probative Growth, Attorneys by county in Ohio, California, Michigan, Idaho, Arizona, Washington and Pennsylvania, from each bar's public counts, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23962861

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23962861
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Supreme Court of Ohio, Attorney Services
State Bar of California
State Bar of Michigan
Idaho State Bar
State Bar of Arizona
Washington State Bar Association
Disciplinary Board of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: January 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Civil aviation accidents by state, year and type of operation (NTSB), 2008 to 2026

Cite as

Probative Growth, Civil aviation accidents by state, year and type of operation (NTSB), 2008 to 2026, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23962878

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23962878
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: National Transportation Safety Board
Next update: December 13, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Bankruptcy filings by chapter, court district, state and county, quarterly (U.S. Courts)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Bankruptcy filings by chapter, court district, state and county, quarterly (U.S. Courts), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23962892

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23962892
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: January 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

The new-lawyer pipeline by jurisdiction: bar exam pass rates and new admissions, 2025

Cite as

Probative Growth, The new-lawyer pipeline by jurisdiction: bar exam pass rates and new admissions, 2025, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23962982

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23962982
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: National Conference of Bar Examiners
Next update: December 2, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Probative benchmarks, 2025–2026

Cite as

Probative Growth, Probative benchmarks, 2025–2026, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735849

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23735849
Version: 4.0.1, released October 28, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Probative Growth (own data)
Next update: October 30, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Recreational boating accidents by state and year: incidents, deaths, injuries and damage (U.S. Coast Guard), 2019 to 2024

Cite as

Probative Growth, Recreational boating accidents by state and year: incidents, deaths, injuries and damage (U.S. Coast Guard), 2019 to 2024, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23962985

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23962985
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Auxiliary and Boating Safety
Next update: December 4, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

New business applications by county (Census Business Formation Statistics)

Cite as

Probative Growth, New business applications by county (Census Business Formation Statistics), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898091

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898091
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Census Bureau (Business Formation Statistics)
U.S. Census Bureau (Business Formation Statistics)
U.S. Census Bureau (Business Formation Statistics)
U.S. Census Bureau (Business Formation Statistics)
Next update: June 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

California court filings by county: civil, criminal, family, juvenile, probate and appeals, fiscal years 2023–24 and 2024–25

Cite as

Probative Growth, California court filings by county: civil, criminal, family, juvenile, probate and appeals, fiscal years 2023–24 and 2024–25, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963026

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963026
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 1 most cited): courts.ca.gov
Next update: November 30, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Board-certified lawyers by practice area and state: specialist counts from official state lists (Tennessee and Minnesota)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Board-certified lawyers by practice area and state: specialist counts from official state lists (Tennessee and Minnesota), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23850651

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23850651
Version: 1.0.0, released November 1, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Tennessee Commission on Continuing Legal Education
Minnesota Board of Legal Certification
Next update: March 15, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Deadlines to file an employment-discrimination charge: the federal EEOC limit and each state agency's own limit

Cite as

Probative Growth, Deadlines to file an employment-discrimination charge: the federal EEOC limit and each state agency's own limit, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23782861

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23782861
Version: 1.0.0, released October 29, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Arizona Attorney General, Civil Rights Division
Connecticut Commission on Human Rights and Opportunities
Delaware Department of Labor, Division of Industrial Affairs
Florida Commission on Human Relations
Idaho Human Rights Commission
Illinois Department of Human Rights
Maryland Commission on Civil Rights
Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination
Maine Human Rights Commission
Minnesota Department of Human Rights
Missouri Commission on Human Rights
Montana Department of Labor and Industry, Human Rights Bureau
Nebraska Equal Opportunity Commission
New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights
Ohio Civil Rights Commission
Oregon Bureau of Labor and Industries
South Carolina Human Affairs Commission
Washington State Human Rights Commission
Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, Equal Rights Division
Kansas Human Rights Commission
Rhode Island Commission for Human Rights
Alaska State Commission for Human Rights
California Civil Rights Department
Colorado Civil Rights Division
D.C. Office of Human Rights
Hawai'i Civil Rights Commission
Iowa Office of Civil Rights
Indiana Civil Rights Commission
Michigan Department of Civil Rights
North Dakota Department of Labor and Human Rights
New Jersey Division on Civil Rights
Nevada Equal Rights Commission
Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission
Tennessee Attorney General, Civil Rights Enforcement Division
West Virginia Human Rights Commission
Next update: March 9, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Federal civil filings by nature of suit and district, 12-month periods since 2018

Cite as

Probative Growth, Federal civil filings by nature of suit and district, 12-month periods since 2018, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963129

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963129
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Next update: December 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

CFPB complaints about debt collection, credit reporting and debt management, by state and month

Cite as

Probative Growth, CFPB complaints about debt collection, credit reporting and debt management, by state and month, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963181

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963181
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: November 20, 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

FTC Consumer Sentinel reports by state: fraud, identity theft and imposter scams, 2024 Data Book

Cite as

Probative Growth, FTC Consumer Sentinel reports by state: fraud, identity theft and imposter scams, 2024 Data Book, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963186

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963186
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Federal Trade Commission
U.S. Federal Trade Commission
Next update: March 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

County income and migration from IRS tax returns

Cite as

Probative Growth, County income and migration from IRS tax returns, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963195

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963195
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income
Next update: April 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Small-claims dollar limits by state: the most a claim can seek in each state's small-claims court

Cite as

Probative Growth, Small-claims dollar limits by state: the most a claim can seek in each state's small-claims court, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23792752

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23792752
Version: 1.0.0, released October 30, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Alabama Unified Judicial System, Lee County circuit court
Alaska Court System
Arizona Legislature
Arkansas Judiciary
Judicial Branch of California
Colorado Judicial Department
Connecticut Judicial Branch
Delaware Courts
Council of the District of Columbia
Supreme Court of Florida (rules as published by The Florida Bar)
Georgia Judicial Branch
Hawaii State Judiciary
Idaho Legislature
Illinois Courts
Indiana Office of Court Services
Iowa Judicial Branch
Kansas Office of Revisor of Statutes
Kentucky Legislature
Louisiana Legislature
Maine Legislature
Maryland General Assembly
Massachusetts Legislature
Michigan Legislature
Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes
Mississippi Judiciary
Missouri Revisor of Statutes
Montana Legislature
Nebraska Legislature
Nevada Legislature
New Hampshire General Court
New Jersey Courts
New Mexico Courts, Administrative Office of the Courts
New York State Department of Labor
North Carolina General Assembly
North Dakota Court System
Ohio Legislative Service Commission
Oklahoma County Court Clerk
Oregon Legislature
Unified Judicial System of Pennsylvania
Rhode Island Judiciary
South Carolina Legislature
South Dakota Unified Judicial System
Hamilton County General Sessions Court Clerk
Supreme Court of Texas
Utah State Courts
Vermont Legislature
Virginia Code Commission
Washington State Legislature
West Virginia Legislature
Wisconsin Court System
Wyoming Legislature
Next update: March 9, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Crime and arrests by county and state: violent and property crime, DUI and drug arrests (FBI)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Crime and arrests by county and state: violent and property crime, DUI and drug arrests (FBI), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963245

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963245
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reporting Program (Crime Data Explorer)
Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reporting Program (arrest offense ids)
Next update: March 12, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Federal criminal cases by offense and district (U.S. Courts Tables D-1, D-2 and D-3)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Federal criminal cases by offense and district (U.S. Courts Tables D-1, D-2 and D-3), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963315

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963315
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Next update: March 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal market crosswalks: practice areas, federal case codes, states, federal districts and counties

Cite as

Probative Growth, Legal market crosswalks: practice areas, federal case codes, states, federal districts and counties, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24011337

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.24011337
Version: 2.1.0, released November 6, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Office of the Law Revision Counsel / U.S. Government Publishing Office (govinfo)
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau / Office of Management and Budget
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
Office of the Law Revision Counsel / U.S. Government Publishing Office (govinfo)
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Next update: March 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Demand per law office, by state: residents, bankruptcy cases, fatal crashes, divorces, Spanish speakers and evictions for each law office

Cite as

Probative Growth, Demand per law office, by state: residents, bankruptcy cases, fatal crashes, divorces, Spanish speakers and evictions for each law office, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23851281

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23851281
Version: 1.0.0, released November 1, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 1 most cited): census.gov
Next update: March 9, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal deserts: law offices and lawyers per resident in every U.S. county

Cite as

Probative Growth, Legal deserts: law offices and lawyers per resident in every U.S. county, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963393

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963393
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, Nonemployer Statistics and Population Estimates
State Bar of California, Attorney Demographics by county
New York State Unified Court System, NYS Attorney Registrations (Open NY)
The Mississippi Bar, Membership Data (July 2026)
Illinois Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission, 2024 Annual Report
Next update: December 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Medical device adverse event reports by product code and quarter (FDA MAUDE via openFDA)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Medical device adverse event reports by product code and quarter (FDA MAUDE via openFDA), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963431

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963431
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA)
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA)
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA)
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA)
Next update: November 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Social Security disability hearing waits and workloads by hearing office

Cite as

Probative Growth, Social Security disability hearing waits and workloads by hearing office, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898096

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898096
Version: 1.0.1, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Social Security Administration
U.S. Social Security Administration
U.S. Social Security Administration
Next update: December 12, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Serious drug adverse event reports by active ingredient (openFDA FAERS)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Serious drug adverse event reports by active ingredient (openFDA FAERS), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963449

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963449
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA, FDA Adverse Event Reporting System)
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA, FDA Adverse Event Reporting System)
Next update: March 8, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Employment discrimination charges to the EEOC, by state and basis, FY 2009 to FY 2025

Cite as

Probative Growth, Employment discrimination charges to the EEOC, by state and basis, FY 2009 to FY 2025, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898101

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898101
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Next update: April 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Eviction laws by state and territory: notice, cure, just cause, fees and timing (LSC)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Eviction laws by state and territory: notice, cure, just cause, fees and timing (LSC), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963453

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963453
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Legal Services Corporation (coding by Temple University's Center for Public Health Law Research)
Next update: December 3, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Eviction filings by county and year (LSC Civil Court Data Initiative)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Eviction filings by county and year (LSC Civil Court Data Initiative), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963459

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963459
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Legal Services Corporation, Civil Court Data Initiative
Legal Services Corporation (Terms of Use)
Next update: February 26, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Fair housing complaints by county and basis: Fair Housing Act cases filed with HUD, 2006 to June 2020

Cite as

Probative Growth, Fair housing complaints by county and basis: Fair Housing Act cases filed with HUD, 2006 to June 2020, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963466

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963466
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
Next update: December 3, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Fatal crashes by county and type: trucks, motorcycles, pedestrians and bicyclists, NHTSA FARS 2019 to 2024

Cite as

Probative Growth, Fatal crashes by county and type: trucks, motorcycles, pedestrians and bicyclists, NHTSA FARS 2019 to 2024, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963480

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963480
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: April 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Federal civil cases filed, by county of the plaintiff's residence, case type and year (Federal Judicial Center)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Federal civil cases filed, by county of the plaintiff's residence, case type and year (Federal Judicial Center), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24024299

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.24024299
Version: 2.0.1, released November 7, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Federal Judicial Center
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Next update: November 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Attorney fee caps and contingency-fee rules, by state and federal program

Cite as

Probative Growth, Attorney fee caps and contingency-fee rules, by state and federal program, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23969434

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23969434
Version: 3.0.1, released November 5, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 3 most cited): govinfo.gov
docs.legis.wisconsin.gov
legislature.maine.gov
Next update: January 26, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

What US state bars charge, and require, to file or review lawyer advertising

Cite as

Probative Growth, What US state bars charge, and require, to file or review lawyer advertising, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963654

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963654
Version: 3.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 3 most cited): texasbar.com
lsba.org
info.jud.ct.gov
Next update: January 23, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

The US legal market in numbers: headline findings from Probative's open datasets

Cite as

Probative Growth, The US legal market in numbers: headline findings from Probative's open datasets, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23748830

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23748830
Version: 1.1.0, released October 28, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 3 most cited): Probative Growth
api.bls.gov
justice.gov
Next update: January 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

US law firm websites: practices, Spanish, intake, by state, county and practice area

Cite as

Probative Growth, US law firm websites: practices, Spanish, intake, by state, county and practice area, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898107

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898107
Version: 3.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 4 most cited): openstreetmap.org
webdatacommons.org
commoncrawl.org
huduser.gov
Next update: November 18, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Flood insurance claims by county and year (FEMA NFIP, OpenFEMA), 1978 to 2026

Cite as

Probative Growth, Flood insurance claims by county and year (FEMA NFIP, OpenFEMA), 1978 to 2026, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23845801

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23845801
Version: 1.0.0, released October 31, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Federal Emergency Management Agency, OpenFEMA
Next update: December 15, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

New green cards (lawful permanent residents) by county, country of birth and class of admission

Cite as

Probative Growth, New green cards (lawful permanent residents) by county, country of birth and class of admission, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963657

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963657
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security Statistics
U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security Statistics
U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security Statistics
U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security Statistics
Next update: June 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Hospital patient-safety ratings by state and county: PSI 90 and healthcare-associated infections (CMS Care Compare)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Hospital patient-safety ratings by state and county: PSI 90 and healthcare-associated infections (CMS Care Compare), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963670

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963670
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Next update: March 9, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

How long federal civil cases take: outcomes, class actions and pro se share by district, nature of suit and year

Cite as

Probative Growth, How long federal civil cases take: outcomes, class actions and pro se share by district, nature of suit and year, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898111

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898111
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Federal Judicial Center
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
Next update: November 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Immigration court backlog, representation and asylum outcomes (EOIR workload statistics and case data)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Immigration court backlog, representation and asylum outcomes (EOIR workload statistics and case data), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963673

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963673
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Department of Justice, Executive Office for Immigration Review
U.S. Department of Justice, Executive Office for Immigration Review
U.S. Department of Justice, Executive Office for Immigration Review
Next update: November 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

IRS Data Book by state: returns filed, gross tax collections and refunds, fiscal years 2019 to 2025

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Probative Growth, IRS Data Book by state: returns filed, gross tax collections and refunds, fiscal years 2019 to 2025, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963674

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963674
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income
Next update: December 3, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Spanish-speaking demand vs Spanish-speaking lawyer supply, by state and metro

Cite as

Probative Growth, Spanish-speaking demand vs Spanish-speaking lawyer supply, by state and metro, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898117

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898117
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 1 most cited): api.census.gov
Next update: November 29, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

US law-firm websites and AI crawlers: crawler-file rules, text before JavaScript, snippet limits and Spanish pages, by state and market

Cite as

Probative Growth, US law-firm websites and AI crawlers: crawler-file rules, text before JavaScript, snippet limits and Spanish pages, by state and market, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24015038

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.24015038
Version: 1.0.0, released November 6, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 1 most cited): commoncrawl.org
Next update: February 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Law firm size, solos and receipts, by state: Census SUSB 2022, Nonemployer Statistics 2024 and Economic Census 2022

Cite as

Probative Growth, Law firm size, solos and receipts, by state: Census SUSB 2022, Nonemployer Statistics 2024 and Economic Census 2022, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898123

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898123
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: June 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

US law-firm websites: Spanish pages, online booking, live chat, structured data, HTTPS and 24/7 intake, by state and practice area

Cite as

Probative Growth, US law-firm websites: Spanish pages, online booking, live chat, structured data, HTTPS and 24/7 intake, by state and practice area, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963678

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963678
Version: 1.0.1, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 1 most cited): data.census.gov
Next update: March 9, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Law offices, jobs and pay by county, with solo-practice counts: BLS QCEW, Census CBP and Nonemployer Statistics

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Probative Growth, Law offices, jobs and pay by county, with solo-practice counts: BLS QCEW, Census CBP and Nonemployer Statistics, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963687

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963687
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns 2023
U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics 2024
U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates, vintage 2025
U.S. Census Bureau, OMB 2023 metropolitan and micropolitan delineation
Next update: December 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Lawyer, paralegal and legal-staff pay by state and metro (BLS OEWS)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Lawyer, paralegal and legal-staff pay by state and metro (BLS OEWS), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898132

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898132
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Next update: April 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal-aid, public-interest-law and civil-rights nonprofits by county, from the IRS exempt-organization list

Cite as

Probative Growth, Legal-aid, public-interest-law and civil-rights nonprofits by county, from the IRS exempt-organization list, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963739

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963739
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Internal Revenue Service (SOI)
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: December 13, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal marketing and intake hiring demand: pay, headcount and openings (Bureau of Labor Statistics)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Legal marketing and intake hiring demand: pay, headcount and openings (Bureau of Labor Statistics), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23957260

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23957260
Version: 1.0.1, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Public Data API (OEWS, CES and JOLTS series)
Next update: December 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal need by county: who may need a lawyer, from the American Community Survey

Cite as

Probative Growth, Legal need by county: who may need a lawyer, from the American Community Survey, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23845845

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23845845
Version: 1.1.0, released October 31, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (table shells: the line labels)
Next update: December 5, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal-services prices and jobs, monthly (BLS CPI, PPI and CES)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Legal-services prices and jobs, monthly (BLS CPI, PPI and CES), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963786

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963786
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Next update: November 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal profession figures: lawyer and paralegal jobs and pay, and the civil legal-help gap, each re-read at the issuing source

Cite as

Probative Growth, Legal profession figures: lawyer and paralegal jobs and pay, and the civil legal-help gap, each re-read at the issuing source, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23851292

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23851292
Version: 1.0.0, released November 1, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 2 most cited): bls.gov
justicegap.lsc.gov
Next update: March 10, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Statutes of limitations by state: personal injury, medical malpractice, wrongful death, product liability and property damage

Cite as

Probative Growth, Statutes of limitations by state: personal injury, medical malpractice, wrongful death, product liability and property damage, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963806

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963806
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Alaska Legislature
Alabama Legislature (ALISON)
Arizona Legislature
California Legislative Information
Colorado General Assembly (Office of Legislative Legal Services)
Connecticut General Assembly
Council of the District of Columbia
Delaware General Assembly
Florida Legislature
Hawaii State Legislature
Iowa Legislature
Idaho Legislature
Illinois General Assembly
Indiana General Assembly
Kansas Office of Revisor of Statutes
Kentucky Legislature
Louisiana State Legislature
Massachusetts Legislature
Maryland General Assembly
Maine Legislature
Michigan Legislature
Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes
Missouri Revisor of Statutes
Montana Legislature
North Carolina General Assembly
North Dakota Legislative Branch
Nebraska Legislature
New Hampshire General Court
New Jersey Legislature
Nevada Legislature
New York State Senate
Ohio Laws and Administrative Rules
Oklahoma Legislature
Oregon Legislature
Pennsylvania General Assembly
Rhode Island General Assembly
South Carolina Legislature
South Dakota Legislature
Texas Legislature
Utah State Legislature
Virginia Code Commission
Vermont General Assembly
Washington State Legislature
Wisconsin State Legislature
West Virginia Legislature
Wyoming Legislature
Next update: February 25, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Marriage and divorce rates by state (CDC NCHS), 1990 to 2024

Cite as

Probative Growth, Marriage and divorce rates by state (CDC NCHS), 1990 to 2024, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23845898

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23845898
Version: 1.0.0, released October 31, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: CDC National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System
Next update: December 4, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Mass-tort docket tracker, federal MDL pending actions by month since 2019

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Probative Growth, Mass-tort docket tracker, federal MDL pending actions by month since 2019, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963811

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963811
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 1 most cited): jpml.uscourts.gov
Next update: December 12, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Mine accidents, injuries and illnesses by state, county and degree of injury (MSHA), 2000 to 2026

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Probative Growth, Mine accidents, injuries and illnesses by state, county and degree of injury (MSHA), 2000 to 2026, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963820

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963820
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor
Next update: December 14, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Mortgage delinquency by county and state (CFPB Mortgage Performance Trends), monthly from 2008

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Probative Growth, Mortgage delinquency by county and state (CFPB Mortgage Performance Trends), monthly from 2008, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23845905

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23845905
Version: 1.0.0, released October 31, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Mortgage Performance Trends
Next update: March 14, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Mortgage applications, loans and denials by county: home purchase and refinance lending from HMDA

Cite as

Probative Growth, Mortgage applications, loans and denials by county: home purchase and refinance lending from HMDA, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963883

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963883
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (HMDA, operated by the CFPB)
Next update: December 3, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Noncitizen population by state and county (Census ACS, table B05001)

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Probative Growth, Noncitizen population by state and county (Census ACS, table B05001), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23963957

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23963957
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: December 5, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Nursing home fines and harm citations by county: CMS penalties, actual-harm, immediate-jeopardy and abuse citations

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Probative Growth, Nursing home fines and harm citations by county: CMS penalties, actual-harm, immediate-jeopardy and abuse citations, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964018

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964018
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Next update: December 2, 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Attorneys registered with the New York courts, by county, status and year of admission (NYS Office of Court Administration)

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Probative Growth, Attorneys registered with the New York courts, by county, status and year of admission (NYS Office of Court Administration), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964055

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964055
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: NYS Unified Court System, Office of Court Administration
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: January 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

New York workers' compensation claims by county and accident year

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Probative Growth, New York workers' compensation claims by county and accident year, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964068

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964068
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: New York State Workers' Compensation Board (published on NY Open Data)
New York State Workers' Compensation Board (published on NY Open Data)
New York State Workers' Compensation Board (published on NY Open Data)
State of New York (OPEN-NY)
Next update: December 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal-marketing ethics opinions, 2004–2026

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Probative Growth, Legal-marketing ethics opinions, 2004–2026, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23969437

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23969437
Version: 2.0.1, released November 5, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 3 most cited): nysba.org
njcourts.gov
osbar.org
Next update: February 2, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

OSHA inspections and penalties by state and industry (DOL enforcement data)

Cite as

Probative Growth, OSHA inspections and penalties by state and industry (DOL enforcement data), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23850661

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23850661
Version: 1.0.0, released November 1, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Department of Labor
U.S. Department of Labor
Next update: December 2, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Legal ad-platform policy tracker

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Probative Growth, Legal ad-platform policy tracker, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898135

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898135
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 3 most cited): support.google.com
help.ads.microsoft.com
transparency.meta.com
Next update: December 9, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Deaths, births, migration and older residents by county (Census population estimates), 2020 to 2025

Cite as

Probative Growth, Deaths, births, migration and older residents by county (Census population estimates), 2020 to 2025, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23845912

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23845912
Version: 1.0.0, released October 31, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program
U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (county age and sex)
U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (national and state totals)
Next update: March 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Official public statistics behind the practice and state pages: bankruptcy, employment, immigration and personal injury

Cite as

Probative Growth, Official public statistics behind the practice and state pages: bankruptcy, employment, immigration and personal injury, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23782885

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23782885
Version: 1.0.0, released October 29, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Courts
U.S. Courts
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: March 6, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Consumer product recalls by year and hazard (CPSC recall notices)

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Probative Growth, Consumer product recalls by year and hazard (CPSC recall notices), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964084

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964084
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
Next update: December 13, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Railroad casualties and crossing incidents by county (FRA Forms 55a, 57 and 54)

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Probative Growth, Railroad casualties and crossing incidents by county (FRA Forms 55a, 57 and 54), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964086

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964086
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration (Office of Railroad Safety)
U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration (Office of Railroad Safety)
U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration (Office of Railroad Safety)
U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration (Office of Railroad Safety)
U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration (Office of Railroad Safety)
Next update: December 13, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Referral-fee and fee-splitting rules for lawyers, by state

Cite as

Probative Growth, Referral-fee and fee-splitting rules for lawyers, by state, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964121

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964121
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 3 most cited): legacy.utcourts.gov
www-media.floridabar.org
calbar.ca.gov
Next update: February 2, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Unwanted-call and text-message complaints to the FCC, by state and month

Cite as

Probative Growth, Unwanted-call and text-message complaints to the FCC, by state and month, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964125

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964125
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Federal Communications Commission
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: December 11, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Google searches for a lawyer by practice area and state, English and Spanish (Google Ads Keyword Planner, Trends and Autocomplete)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Google searches for a lawyer by practice area and state, English and Spanish (Google Ads Keyword Planner, Trends and Autocomplete), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23877019

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23877019
Version: 1.1.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 3 most cited): ads.google.com
trends.google.com
Probative Growth
Next update: October 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Google search landscape for legal searches: directories, videos, People Also Ask and how concentrated the top 10 is

Cite as

Probative Growth, Google search landscape for legal searches: directories, videos, People Also Ask and how concentrated the top 10 is, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964129

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964129
Version: 1.1.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Main sources (the 1 most cited): google.com
Next update: March 9, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

State civil-rights agency complaints and charges: figures printed in state annual reports

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Probative Growth, State civil-rights agency complaints and charges: figures printed in state annual reports, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964131

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964131
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: California Civil Rights Department
Illinois Department of Human Rights
Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission
Next update: December 2, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

State trial-court case filings by county, court level and case type: Texas, Washington, Maryland, Indiana, Wisconsin, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Oregon, West Virginia, Nebraska, Maine, California, Louisiana and Hawaii

Cite as

Probative Growth, State trial-court case filings by county, court level and case type: Texas, Washington, Maryland, Indiana, Wisconsin, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Oregon, West Virginia, Nebraska, Maine, California, Louisiana and Hawaii, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964136

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964136
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Texas Office of Court Administration
Texas Office of Court Administration
Washington Administrative Office of the Courts
Maryland Judiciary
Indiana Office of Judicial Administration
Wisconsin Director of State Courts Office
Supreme Court of Virginia, Office of the Executive Secretary
Administrative Office of Pennsylvania Courts
Oregon Judicial Department
Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia
Nebraska Judicial Branch, Administrative Office of the Courts and Probation
Maine Judicial Branch, Administrative Office of the Courts
Judicial Council of California
Supreme Court of Louisiana, Judicial Administrator's Office
Hawaii State Judiciary
Next update: December 4, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

State labor agency wage claims: figures printed in state reports

Cite as

Probative Growth, State labor agency wage claims: figures printed in state reports, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23753046

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23753046
Version: 1.0.0, released October 29, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: California Labor Commissioner's Office, Department of Industrial Relations
Washington Department of Labor & Industries
Next update: December 4, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Toxic chemical releases by county (EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

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Probative Growth, Toxic chemical releases by county (EPA Toxics Release Inventory), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964168

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964168
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Program
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Program (per-state TRI Basic Data Files, second-source control in check.py)
Next update: December 3, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Truck and bus crashes by county, state and year (FMCSA crash file)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Truck and bus crashes by county, state and year (FMCSA crash file), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964187

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964187
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (U.S. Department of Transportation)
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (U.S. Department of Transportation)
Next update: December 12, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Texas employers without workers' compensation coverage (non-subscribers), by county

Cite as

Probative Growth, Texas employers without workers' compensation coverage (non-subscribers), by county, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964216

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964216
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Texas Department of Insurance, Division of Workers' Compensation
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: December 14, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

County and state unemployment: BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics, annual averages and latest month

Cite as

Probative Growth, County and state unemployment: BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics, annual averages and latest month, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964225

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964225
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Next update: December 2, 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Union membership and representation by state (BLS Union Members), 2024 and 2025

Cite as

Probative Growth, Union membership and representation by state (BLS Union Members), 2024 and 2025, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23845987

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23845987
Version: 1.0.0, released October 31, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Union Members (Current Population Survey)
Next update: January 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

USCIS naturalization and green card applications by field office

Cite as

Probative Growth, USCIS naturalization and green card applications by field office, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964258

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964258
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (Chief Data and Analytics Office)
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (Chief Data and Analytics Office)
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (Chief Data and Analytics Office)
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (Chief Data and Analytics Office)
Next update: November 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

VA disability compensation recipients by county and combined rating

Cite as

Probative Growth, VA disability compensation recipients by county and combined rating, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898138

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898138
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Veterans Benefits Administration; National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Veterans Benefits Administration; National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Benefits Administration (Annual Benefits Report FY 2025, Compensation)
Next update: January 2027 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

VA disability compensation, pension and survivor dollars by county (VA GDX report)

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Probative Growth, VA disability compensation, pension and survivor dollars by county (VA GDX report), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964263

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964263
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics (GDX)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics (GDX report page)
Next update: December 3, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Vehicle safety complaints by state, make and model year (NHTSA complaint file)

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Probative Growth, Vehicle safety complaints by state, make and model year (NHTSA complaint file), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964283

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964283
Version: 2.0.0, released November 5, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (U.S. Department of Transportation), Office of Defects Investigation
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (U.S. Department of Transportation), Office of Defects Investigation
Next update: December 12, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

VA-accredited attorneys and claims agents per veteran, by state, with county counts and Board of Veterans' Appeals outcomes by type of representation

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Probative Growth, VA-accredited attorneys and claims agents per veteran, by state, with county counts and Board of Veterans' Appeals outcomes by type of representation, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964365

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964365
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of General Counsel
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Veterans Analysis and Statistics
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Board of Veterans' Appeals
Next update: November 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Wage-and-hour and OSHA enforcement by county, state, act and industry (U.S. Department of Labor)

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Probative Growth, Wage-and-hour and OSHA enforcement by county, state, act and industry (U.S. Department of Labor), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898146

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898146
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Wage and Hour Division, U.S. Department of Labor
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor
U.S. Census Bureau
Next update: December 12, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

WARN Act layoff and closure notices by county: California and Texas

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Probative Growth, WARN Act layoff and closure notices by county: California and Texas, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23964377

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23964377
Version: 2.0.0, released November 4, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: California Employment Development Department
Texas Workforce Commission
Next update: December 12, 2026 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Workers' compensation maximum weekly benefit by state: the cap on total-disability pay in each state

Cite as

Probative Growth, Workers' compensation maximum weekly benefit by state: the cap on total-disability pay in each state, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23969440

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23969440
Version: 1.1.1, released November 5, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development
California Department of Industrial Relations, Division of Workers' Compensation
Connecticut Workers' Compensation Commission
Delaware Department of Labor, Division of Industrial Affairs
Florida Department of Financial Services, Division of Workers' Compensation
North Dakota Workforce Safety & Insurance
South Carolina Workers' Compensation Commission
Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry
Texas Department of Insurance, Division of Workers' Compensation
Montana Department of Labor & Industry, Employment Relations Division
District of Columbia Department of Employment Services
Tennessee Bureau of Workers' Compensation
Hawaii Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, Disability Compensation Division
Kentucky Department of Workers' Claims
Idaho Industrial Commission
Georgia State Board of Workers' Compensation
Indiana Worker's Compensation Board
Iowa Division of Industrial Services
Michigan Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity, Workers' Disability Compensation Agency
South Dakota Department of Labor and Regulation
Utah Labor Commission
Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development
New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development
New York Workers' Compensation Board
North Carolina Industrial Commission
Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation
Pennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry
Illinois Workers' Compensation Commission
Maine Workers' Compensation Board
Missouri Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, Division of Workers' Compensation
Mississippi Workers' Compensation Commission
Nebraska Workers' Compensation Court
Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services, Workers' Compensation Division
Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission
West Virginia Offices of the Insurance Commissioner
Next update: March 15, 2027 (latest day we re-read the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Workplace injuries and fatal work injuries by state and industry (BLS SOII and CFOI)

Cite as

Probative Growth, Workplace injuries and fatal work injuries by state and industry (BLS SOII and CFOI), 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23898154

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23898154
Version: 2.0.0, released November 2, 2026
License: CC BY 4.0
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Next update: November 18, 2026 (new release from the source)
Method and findings: Dataset page · Study built on it
Reference files: CITATION.cff · RIS · BibTeX

Questions about citing the data

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Copy the standard citation from its card: Probative Growth, the dataset title, the year it was released and the link to its DOI. The DOI points to the archived copy on Zenodo, so the figures you cite stay findable after a new version.

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